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UNIT 4
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READING FOR PLEASURE GRAMMAR 1 NOUN CLAUSES A noun clause is a clause that plays the role of a noun. Noun clauses are a kind of subordinate clause that functions as a noun. They have a subject and a verb, but unlike a regular clause, it does not express a complete thought. Noun clauses usually begin with words such as "what," "why," "who," "when," "how," or "that," and can be used to provide more information about a noun in the sentence. A noun clause can be introduced by that Example I didn’t know that he wrote this book. I think that Isabel Allende’s novels are fantastic. GRAMMAR 2 NOUN CAUSES: EMBEDDED QUESTIONS Embedded questions, also known as noun clauses, can sound more polite (softer) than a direct question. Compare: Direct Question: What are you doing? Embedded Question: Could you tell me what you are doing?
UNIT 3
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GETTING THINGS DONE GRAMMAR 1 THE CAUSATIVE Express the idea that one person persuade The most important causative structure is to get - have, which is also a way of expressing the passive voice Structure Sujeto + Causative verb + Ob + Verb For example: I will get Ashley to buy me a hot dog I will get Adriana to sing in the class When we use "have" we do not use the infinitive "to" The door is closed but I will have the janitor open it for you My brother had me wash his car GRAMMAR 2 THE PASSIVE CAUSATIVE The passive causative is a grammatical structure in English that we use to express that someone has done something for or for us. For example, if we have gone to the hairdresser, we do not say “I cut my hair”, because we have not cut it ourselves, but rather a professional has done it; so we use a passive causativ...